27 December 2024
Syphilis is a serious sexually transmitted disease that progresses through three stages. It begins with infection with the bacteria, followed by a period in which the bacteria spread through the body, and ends with possible damage to vital organs.
In the first stage of syphilis, a painless ulcer develops on or in the genitals, anus or mouth. This ulcer appears about three weeks after infection and remains for about four weeks. Although this ulcer disappears on its own, it is crucial to seek medical attention to prevent further spread of the infection.
The second stage of syphilis occurs when the bacteria reach the bloodstream, usually seven to 10 weeks after infection. This stage is characterised by a range of symptoms, including fever, headache, bone pain, inflammation of the lymph nodes, hair loss and pink rash on the trunk, soles of the feet or palms of the hands. Although these symptoms may disappear on their own, treatment is essential to prevent serious complications.
The third and final stage of syphilis may occur years after infection. During this stage, vital organs such as the heart, spinal cord, bones and/or brain may be affected. It is important to note that this stage is rare in Belgium, as syphilis is usually detected in the first or second stage. Nevertheless, early detection and treatment of syphilis can be life-saving.
The basic treatment for syphilis includes injections of antibiotics. This treatment is particularly effective in the first two stages of infection. However, it is important to start treatment as soon as possible, as delay can lead to irreversible damage to vital organs. For pregnant women, treatment is necessary to prevent damage to the baby, followed by regular monitoring by a doctor.